Fore and aft rigged vessel



May 3, 1932. E. BLACK MAN 7 1,356,804

FORE AND AFT RIGGED VESSEL I Filed Aug. 3, 1931 IN VEN TOR. fan/4W0 Z. BLACK/I41? ATTORNEY.

Patented May 3, 1932 UNITED STATES rice EDWARD L. BLACKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK FORE AND AFT RIGGED VESSEL Application filed August 3, 1931. Serial No. 554,825.

This invention relates to fore and aft rigged vessel in general and more especially to vessels rigged according to the Marconi or leg-of-mutton type.

Among the objects of the present invention, it is aimed to provide a fore and aft rigged vessel where a greater efliciency may be obtained from the thrust of the wind and especially so that the thrust of the wind may be received substantially centrally of the vessel.

Among the objects of the present invention, it is aimed to provide a fore and aft rigged vessel whereby a greater efficiency may be obtained from the wind, bychanging the angle formed by the mast with the deck of the vessel so that the top of the mast and the sail could be tipped to windward, thus making the sail present a more upright surface to the wind when the vessel heels to leeward.

Another object of the present invention is to provide that through the tipping of the mast or spar to windward, the thrust of the wind may be received substantially centrally of the vessel.

These and other features, capabilities and advantages of the present invention will appear from the subjoined detail description of one specific embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmental section showing the connection of the boom and spar to the vessel;

Fig. 4A is an enlarged fragmental detail showing the connection of the spar to the guide;

Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective of a fore and aft rigged vessel provided with a main sail having a gafi as distinguished from the Man coni main sail illustrated in the embodiment of Fig. 1.

In the present embodiment, the hull 1 is provided with a frame 2 located where the mast of a fore and aft rigged vessel is ordinarily located. This frame 2has twolateral uprights 3 and 4 extending upwardly in the present instance from the sides of the hull and having the upper ends connected by the crosspiece 5.

This frame 2 is provided with two lateral forwardly extending bracing bars 6 and 7 extending from the upper ends of the standards 3 and 4' forwardly to the deck.

Below the crosspiece 5, there is provided a second crosspiece 9. The crosspieces 5 and 9 are provided with yokes 10 and 11 in alinement with one another toreceive the lower portion of the top mast 12.

To the upper end of the top mast 12 in the usual way, there is secured a block 13 over which extends the halyard 14 attached to the upper end of the jib 15, the forward end of the iib 15 is connected in the present instance to the bow of the boat by the halyard 16 and the rear lower end connected to the block and tackle 17 which is secured to the deck as shown in Fig. 1. The standards 3 and 4 as shown in Fig. 1, preferably incline forwardly in a downwarddirection.

To the lower end of the crosspiece 5, there is secured an arcuate I-beam 8, the flange of which is slidably engaged by the gripping j aw 18 of the sleeve 19 in which the spar 20 is slidably mounted. The lower end of the spar 20 issupported in the sleeve 21 resting on the ball bearings 22 formed at the bottom of such cup shaped sleeve 21 to facilitate rotation of the spar 20 in said cup shaped sleeve 22.

i The lower end of the cup shaped sleeve 21 is provided with an ear23 provided with an orifice to receive the pin 24 extending through the orifices of the alined ears 25 and 26 of the bracket 27. The pin 24 is preferably provided with a nut or other securing device 28 at its forward end and has a shoulder 29 at its rearward end and an eye 30 extending beyond such shoulder which engages the eye 31 formed in the forward end of the cup shaped sleeve 32 in which the forward end of the boom 33 is secured.

The rear face of the spar 20 is preferably provided with a T-shaped bar 34 having a flange secured to the spar and jaw members 36 slidably mounted on said T-shaped bar 34 which are provided with eyes 37 through which extend the usual loops or rings connected to the main sail 38. The main sail 38 in the present instance is of the Marconi or lcg-of-mutton type and is provided at its uppenend with a halyard extending over the block 39 connected to the upper portion of the spar 20. The lower cage of the sail is connected to the boomi33- in the usual way.

The rear end of the boom is preferably provided with a main sheet ll-which extends to the traveler l2 formed atthe stern oi the vessel in the usual way. To the front of the traveler 42, there isprovided thetiller 413.

,When .the sail swingsio leeward, the spar 2,0 will rotate in the cup shapedmeinber21. Inorder to facilitate this;1-otation and thus minimize any torsional strain ,that might be transmitted to any portion of the spar 20,

there is provided the sleeve liixed to the lower portion of the spar above the cup shaped member 21.,and having an extension provided-with a bifurcated end 6 which engages the upper portion of .the eye "31. Consequently when the boom 33 .sivings telecward with the main sail 38, suchmotion will betransmitted .tothe lower portion of the spart 20 by the boom33 through the eye 31 andextension a5. Theestension is preferably composed of spring ,steel in order to giveslightly during the transmission. of motionby the boom .33 to the spar 20.

The top .mast 12 and sparQO may-be provided-with suitable stays. In:the presentinstance,,the.top mast l2 isprovided with stays 4,7 and a8 :whicheXtenddovvn to theouter ends of the .crosspiece 5. The spar 20 isalso extending from theupperrportion of the spar 20. These stays-{l9 and 5 are connected at their lower-ends vto the .blockand tackle 5,1, :and .52 respectively which are connected tothedeck-of the hull 1,,'the'halyards .53 and 5,4 of which extend backanda-re connected. tothe cleatsand 56 on: the. deck. of the vessel, These; staysare so arranged that they, may be easily .Ifcmoved.

The spariQO is intended tobe inclined to windward when travelling and therefore in order to facilitate swinging the spar over into proper direction, the sleeve 19 :is provided with the guiding halyardsfi'? and 58, the halyard -57 rextending across the pulley 5,9.down to the .pulley60 and then over to the capstanfil to which it isconnected and thebaly-ard 58 extends from the sleeve 19 overthe .pulley62 and thendowneover the pulley Y673 and theniover tothe capstan 61. Theoperation of the capstan in on erlirection will of course wind the halyards 5a and 58 about to swing the spar 2O toone-side of the topmast 12 and in .the otherdirection Will of course operate the halyards 57 and 58 to swing the spar 20 to the other side of the top mast 12.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 6, the main sail 38 is connected to the boom 33 and spar 20 in the same way as the main sail 38 is connected in the embodiment of Fig. 1. This embodiment is also provided with aframe, to wit the frame 2 similar to the frame 2 of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 to which the spar 20 is slidably connected? below; its center. "The spar 20 in this instance is also pivotally connected to a bracket secured to the deck of the vessel, to wit the bracket 27, similar to the bracket 27 illustrated in Fig. 1.

The main: difi'erence between this embodiment and the-embodiment illustrated in Fig. l resides in providing the main sail38 .with a gaff, to wit the gaff .64. Thejib saillti is rigged substantially identical to the rigging of the jib 15 of theembodiment of Fig. 1. .VVhen the rigging is provided with a main sail having a gafi such as illustrated in this embodiment, the height of the structure above the deck of the vessel will be materially reduced as compared to the structure above. the deck of the vessel of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. land the main sail 38 when dipped towindward will have the effect of positioning'the gaff 64 more nearlyparallel to the boom 33 as the force of gravity will work in opposition to the force of the wind.

The bracket?! as will particularly. appear from Figs. 4 and 5 supplements the jaw member 65 to grip the slideway '66 formed onthe base 67 secured to the deck of the hull 1 contrally of the vessel and extending underneath the crosspiece 9 of the frame 2. The ends of this slideway 66 are preferably provided witl'i stops, see the stop 68 at the rear end thereof, Fig. 4:, determining the movement of the bracket 27 along said slideway. As shown in 5, the jaw member65 is connected to the bracket 27 by a bolt 69 which may be sufiiciently tightened to anchor the bracket .27 against .movement ,at any point along the slideway 66 if desired.

From the foregoing, it will appear that when thelower end of the spar 20 due to 11ts slidable character is permitted to move forwardly especially when sailing with the wind, the force of the wind exercised on the lower part of the sail willmaterially mini mize the burying effect of the wind on-the vessel.

It will also appear that there will be Sllfilcient clearance between the gripping jaw 18 and the I-beam 8 to permit the spar 20 to rock elative to the I-beam 8 when its bracket slides along the slideway 66.

It is obvious of course that various changes andmodiiications may be made to the general details of construction without departing from'the general spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

braces extending I claim:

1. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a frame, a spa-r pivotally connected at its lower end to the vessel and slidably connected to said frame intermediate its ends, and a main sail attached to said spar.

2. A fore and aft rigged vessel having aguide extending across the deck of the vessel ata distance above the same, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to the deck of the vessel and slidably connected to said guide, a boom connected to the lower end of said spar, and a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

3. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a guide extending across the deck of the vessel and at a distance above the same, a bracket secured to the deck of the vessel, aspar pivotally connected to said bracket at its lower end and slidably connected to said guide, a boom pivotally connected to said bracket, and a main sail connected to said spar and boom.

at. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a bracket extending upwardly from the deck thereof forwardly of the center of the vessel, a guide at the upper end of said bracket extending across the deck of the vessel, a spreader at the upper end of the bracket, a top mast secured to said spreader, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to the deck of the vessel and slidably connected to said guide, a jib connected to the upper end of said top mast and to the deck of the vessel in front of said bracket, and a main sail connected to said spar to the rear of said bracket.

5. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a bracket extending upwardly therefrom, forwardly from the upper end of said bracket to the deck of said vessel, a guide at the upper end of said bracket, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to the deck of the vessel and slidably connected to said guide, controlling means for moving said spar from one side to the other of said uide, and a main sail attached to said spar.

6. In a fore and aft rigged vessel, the com bination with a guide mounted to extend across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of the center thereof, of a bracket secured to the deck of the vessel adjacent to said guide, a pin extendin through said bracket, a cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a spar rotatably mounted in said sleeve, a second cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, and a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

'3". In a fore and aft rigged vessel, the combination with a guide mounted to extend across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of the center thereof,

vessel adjacent to said sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, a T-shaped bar secured to the rear face of said spar, grippers slidably mounted on said T-shaped bar, and a main sail connected to said grippers and to said boom.

8. In a fore and aft rigged vessel, the combination with a guide mounted to extend across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of the center thereof, of a bracket secured to the deck of the vessel adjacent to said guide, a pin extending through said bracket, a cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a spar rotatably mounted in said sleeve, a second cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, a T-shaped bar connected to the rear face of said spar, grippers slidably mounted on said bar, av sleeve fixed to the lower end of said spar, an extension secured to said fixed sleeve and operatively connected to said second sleeve, and a main sail attached to said grippers and to said boom.

9. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a frame, a bracket slidably mounted on said vessel, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to said bracket and slidably connected to said frame intermediate its ends, and a main sail attached to said spar.

10. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a frame, a slideway secured to said vessel below said frame, a bracket slidably mounted on said slideway, a spar pivotally connected to said bracket at its lower end and slidably connected to said frame intermediate its ends, and a main sail attached to said spar.

11. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a frame, a slideway extending longitudinally of said vessel and disposed centrally thereof below said frame, a. bracket slidably mounted on said slideway, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to said bracket, and a main sail attached to said spar.

12. In a fore and aft rigged vessel, the combination with a guide mounted to extend across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of the center thereof, of a bracket secured to the deck of the guide, a pin extending through said bracket, a cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a spar rotatably mounted'in said sleeve, a second cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, roller bearings in saidfirst cup shaped sleeve to facilitate rotation of said spar, and a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

13. A vessel having a frame, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to the vessel and slidably connected to said frame aboveits lower end, anda main sail attached to said spar.

14. A vessel having a guide extending across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same, connecting means on the deck of said vessel,-a spar pivotally connected'at its lower end to said connecting means and slidably connected to said guide, aiboom connected to said connecting means, and'a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

15. A vessel having a guide extending across the deck of the vessel and at a distance above the same, abracket secured to the deck of the vessel, a second brackets'lidably connected to said first bracket, a spar pivotally connected to said second bracket at its lower end and slidabl connected to said guide, a booinpivo'tally connected to said second bracket, and a main sail connected to said s ar and boom.

16. n a vessel, the combination with a guide mounted to extendacross the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of "the center thereof, of a bracketsecured to the deck of the vessel below said guide,'a pin extending through said'bracket, a cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a spar rotatably mounted in said sleeve, a second cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, and a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

17. A vessel having a frame, a bracket slidably mounted on said vessel, a spar pivotal- 1y connected at itslower end'to said bracket and slidably connected to said frame above its lower end, and a main sail attach-ed to'said spar.

18. A fore and aft rigged vessel having a frame, a slideway extending longitudinally of said vessel and disposed centrally there of below said frame, a bracket slidably mounted on said slideway, a spar pivotally connected at its lower end to said bracket and slidably connected to said frame, and a main sail attachedto said spar.

19. In a vessel, the combination with a guide mounted to extend across the deck of the vessel at a distance above the same in front of the center thereof, of abracket secured to the deck of the vessel, a pin extend- .ing through said bracket, a cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a spar rotatablv mounted in said sleeve, a second cup shaped sleeve pivotally connected to said pin, a boom attached to said second sleeve, roller hearings in said first cup shaped sleeve to facilitate rotation of said spar, and a main sail attached to said spar and boom.

EDWARD L. BLACKMAN.

nsams'oa. 

